The Bluest Eye Analysis - 985 Words

Pecola Breedlove, an eleven-year-old black girl in Tony Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, combats with self love and self image throughout the entire novel. Her only wish is to be loved and adored, and she believes the only route to that destination is to simply be more â€Å"white†. Throughout her journey in Morrison’s masterpiece, she attempts to transform herself into an idealistic version of herself, but she ultimately discovers that she is physically unable to attain what she had hoped for and is driven to a point of madness and deep misery. In Pecola’s early years, she was exposed to society’s ideas and â€Å"rules† on how to be beautiful and she quickly realized that at the top of this rulebook lay the most important instruction: be as white as†¦show more content†¦Not only is Pecola obsessed with transforming her life, but she is also constantly victimized and humiliated throughout the novel which subconciousy leads to an even stronger desire to change the very essence of who she is, so she can rid herself of her past. Of all the occasions she was victimized, one stands out as the strongest– when Cholly, her own father, rapes her. By the end of the novel, Pecola has completely lost touch with reality. She cannot process or accept the fact that her own father raped her and she becomes convinced that everyone in town is looking at her strangely because she received her wish of blue eyes. She then acquires an imaginary friend and talks to this friend exclusively about her eyes. While it may be easy to toss this off as simple insanity, that unfortunately seems a bit too easy. The true way to look at her new imaginary friend is to see it as the only way she can make sense of her experience. Because not a singe person in her life ever showed her love or adoration, Pecolas young mind does the only thing it can do: it creates an imaginary friend to love her and make her believe that fantasies have been executed. She is essentially insane at this point and has become corroded and taken over by what started as a radical self hatred and turned into pure insanity. Other characters in the novel have their own journeys with self love and adoration, too. Pauline, PecolasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Bluest Eye1555 Words   |  7 Pages The Bluest Eeye Bbackground A woman’s race and the time period she lives in influences not only whether she will be a victim of sexual assault but also, the punishment of the offender. Toni Morrison, The author of The Bluest Eye, a victim of segregation, deals with sexual assault and segregation in her book. Chole Anthony Wofford, who goes by the name of Toni Morrison when writing her books, was born in Lorain, Ohio on February 18, 1931. Her father had several jobs to supportRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis921 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Bluest Eye† â€Å"The Bluest Eye† by Toni Morrison is a very complex story. While not being a novel of great length is very long on complexity. It tells the story of Pecola Breedlove, a young African American girl immersed in poverty and made â€Å"ugly† by the Society of the early 1940’s that defines beauty in terms of blonde haired white skinned , and in this case specifically Shirley Temple. The novel opens in the fall of 1941, just after the Great Depression, in Lorain, Ohio. Nine-year-old ClaudiaRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis778 Words   |  4 PagesThe opinions of others, wether one notices or not, greatly affect his or her life. In Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye, Pecola Breedlove, a young black girl with dark brown eyes, is deemed ugly. Although she does not possess ugliness; she â€Å"put it on, so to speak, although it did not belong to [her]† (Morrison 38). Pecola believes she is ugly because she does not meet the societal beauty standard. Pecola convinces herself that all her struggles are rooted in the fact that she not beautiful. IfRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis812 Words   |  4 Pages Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye follows Pecola Breedlove’s â€Å"journey† to obtain beauty in the form of the titular blue eyes. Not only is it told in Claudia’s perspective, but the readers witnesses several backstories, na mely Geraldine, Pauline, Cholly, and Soaphead Church’s, which is in a third-person perspective. This might be seen as odd at first, but after taking a deeper look into their pasts, there is something that stands out: something â€Å"beautiful† in the eyes of these people. These â€Å"beautiful†Read MoreAnalysis Of The Bluest Eye 818 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Bluest Eye, Pecola the protagonist is taken under the Macteer family’s wing much like â€Å"The African family is community-based and the nurturing quality is not contained within the nuclear family, but is rather the responsibility of the entire community† (Ranstrà ¶m). In traditional Africa each child has a place and is welcome in the community. The act of parenting another child was not odd because every adult that lived in each community believed that any child is welcome in anyone’s home. ThisRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis1148 Words   |  5 Pagesthe novel The Bluest Eye Pe cola is involved in a quest – for love and identity and Morrison depicts the world in the novel from a child’s point of view. The story of the eleven-year-old Pecola, the tragic female protagonist of The Bluest Eye, stemmed out of Morrison’s memory of a girlhood friend who as well craved for ‘blue eyes’. Morrison had written of the little Black girl whom she knew : â€Å"Beauty was not simply something to behold, it was something one could do. The Bluest Eye was my effort toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Bluest Eye 1917 Words   |  8 Pages1. Through the Big Screen and Flashing Lights In the book The Bluest Eye Mrs. Breedlove talks about who was her motivation, who gave her drive to start dressing up nice and refashioning herself. She started using celebrities as role models or a mirror to help her find ways for her to get the same physical attractiveness they have. In the book Mrs. Breedlove mentions that,†I went to see Clark Gable and Jean Harlow. I fixed my hair up like I’d seen hers on a magazine. A part on the side, with oneRead MoreAnalysis of the Bluest Eye Prologue727 Words   |  3 PagesEach section of this prologue gives, in a different way, an overview of the novel as a whole. At a glance, the Dick-and-Jane motif alerts us to the fact that for the most part the story will be told from a child’s perspective. Just as the Dick-and-Jane primer teaches children how to read, this novel will be about the larger story of how children learn to interpret their world. But there is something wrong with the Dick-and-Jane narrative as it is pres ented here. Because the sentences are not spreadRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Bluest Eye 1115 Words   |  5 Pagesbeliefs. However, in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, the topic of racism is approached in a very unique way. The characters within the novel are subjected to internalizing a set of beliefs that are extremely fragmented. In accepting white standards of beauty, the community compromises their children’s upbringing, their economic means, and social standings. Proving furthermore that the novel has more to do with these factors than actual ethnicity at all. In The Bluest Eye, characters experience aRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis Essay1420 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison strongly ties the contents of her novel to its structure and style through the presentation of chapter titles, dialogue, and the use of changing narrators. These structural assets highlight details and themes of the novel while eliciting strong responses and interpretations from readers. The structure of the novel also allows for creative and powerful presentations of information. Morrison is clever in her style, forcing readers to think deeply about the novel’s heavy

Oncology Cancer Prevention - 977 Words

Due to the medical regimen prescribed for oncology patients, there may be evidence to suggest that oncology patients are at a greater risk of inpatient hospital falls. The majority of patients initially admitted for chemotherapy treatment tend to be rather mobile and active in their home life. However, during and after treatment their physical strength and mobility can be affected. The purpose of this paper is to address the quality improvement issue of oncology patient falls and improving prevention during their hospital admission. Define Phase The majority of patients initially admitted for chemotherapy treatment tend to be rather mobile and active in their home life. However, during and after treatment their physical strength and†¦show more content†¦Strategies to address the increased need for elimination include performing hourly rounding, reminders to call for help and the use of bedside commodes (Capone et al., 2010). Capone et al. (2010) also discussed that oncology patients are more likely to need blood product transfusions, which may increase the incidence of falling. However, the patients in this study did not have alarmingly low blood counts, but they did receive blood products during their admission. Fear of falling and lost capacity associated with chemotherapy is associated with falls. Niederer et al. (2014) cite that strength, particularly in the lower extremities, tends to alter gait and balance. Also, a common side effect of most chemotherapy treatments is neuropathy. Neuropathy can alter sensation in the lower extremities increasing the risk of a fall. Through these physical changes, oncology patients may become more fearful of ambulating, thus limiting their overall mobility (Niederer et al., 2014). Consequently, falls can cause further complications, including the death of an oncology patient. The incidence of falls of the oncology patient related to death tends to increase if the patient has cancer metastasis. In a study done by Toomey and Friedman (2014), there appears to be a strong correlation of death after a fall between the type of cancer and the extent of metastasis. Those that hadShow MoreRelatedAmt Task21478 Words   |  6 Pagescentering on cancer, orthopedic and cardiovascular services. The information was obtained through a multitude of sources including: epidemiological surveys, focus groups, interviews with healthcare professionals and healthcare facilities’ planning guidelines. Risk Factors Oncology Services The needs assessment revealed that 15% of the population will be older than age 65 within the next 5 years. 50% of men and 33% of women are expected to develop cancer during their lifetime. New cases of cancer are expectedRead MoreIntroduction to Oncology Care Program Essay example1220 Words   |  5 PagesAnnual Report of the Oncology Care Program Course Project HIT 225 April 17, 2011 ? Introduction to Oncology Care Program Cancer is a group of diseases that affect nearly every tissue or organ in the human body, and is the second leading cause of death in the United States. In 2007, lung cancer was the leading cause of death among males and females in Marin County, California (Marin Health Human Services, 2007). Located in Marin County, Sunshine Hospital is a 235-bed teaching facilityRead MoreThe Importance Of Related Anxiety966 Words   |  4 PagesNortheastern Hospital Chemotherapy Infusion Center- The Use of Psychoeducational Intervention of Progressive Relaxation to Help in the Prevention and Management of Cancer-related Anxiety Patients diagnosed with cancer experience anxiety for multiple reasons and at different stages of their illness. 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According to the NSM, primary prevention decreases the possibilityRead MoreCIPN Essay1253 Words   |  6 PagesEducational Opportunities for Cancer Patients at Risk for Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Chapter One: Introduction Purpose Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) can be a severe, dose-limiting toxicity caused by the administration of the chemotherapeutics and anti-cancer biologics used to treat an individual’s cancer. The purpose of the paper is to explore the effectiveness of different treatment options for the prevention and treatment of CIPN. Additionally, this paper willRead MoreThe Community Health Needs Assessment Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesassessment (CHNA) over the past year. The assessment targeted oncology, orthopedic and cardiovascular services within TCH’s service region. Information was obtained from multiple sources including epidemiological surveys, state healthcare facilities’ planning guidelines, interviews with physicians and other healthcare professionals, and community focus groups. The following are risk factors identified in each of the three service lines. Oncology Service Line Risk Factors: The CHNA identified that 15%Read MoreBreast and Ovarian Cancer Essay1226 Words   |  5 PagesSpeech Title: Breast and Ovarian Cancer Purpose Statement: This speech has a primary goal of educating the audience and to give a better understanding of what breast cancer is and how it can be treated with detection by a vast variety of methods. It will also give better understanding that not only women but men also are susceptible to breast cancer. Introduction I. Attention: There are a number of researches done about breast and ovarian cancer. Breast cancer is the second largest cause ofRead MoreHow to Prevent Cancer Essay772 Words   |  4 PagesCancer Prevention 1. Introduction There are many people in the world that are afraid of getting sick. People fear in developing fatal sickness in their lifetime. Cancer-the big C—will often top the list. Brody,H.(2011). Cancer Prevetion.Nature,471(7339). Patients that have been diagnosed with cancer and are using treatments such as radiation, chemotherapy and surgery have already had their cancer progressed. In order to avoid such conditions, people need to be pro active and often check themselvesRead MoreBeing An Oncologist : A Very Emotionally Demanding Job1043 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy of oncology is a successful, needed profession that could provide for a lucrative future. Being an oncologist involves doing many things throughout the long work days. Oncology is the study of cancer. This can include development, treatment, and prevention of cancer. Oncology also involves research and clinical care (World Book). Cancer can be dated back to Greek and Roman writings. It can affect any race, gender, or age. 1.66 million people were diagnosed with cancer in 2013. Some cancers areRead MoreGrief and Oncology Nursing1179 Words   |  5 PagesGrief and Oncology Nursing My earliest experiences of observing nursing in action occurred during my last two years of high school. My father was diagnosed with cancer during the spring of my junior year and died right before my senior year. During that short time I watched as the nurses cared for him and I could see compassion and empathy in the way they looked at him. It never occurred to me until after I had raised my children that I wanted to be able to help people in the same way those nurses

Lord of the Flies Symbolism Essay Example For Students

Lord of the Flies Symbolism Essay In the book, Lord of the Flies, the author frequently uses symbolism. Symbolism-n 1: the art or practice of using symbols esp. by investing things with a symbolic meaning or by expressing the invisible or intangible by means of visible or sensuous representations. In other words, discussing or explaining a broader, more general topic by linking it symbolically with a specific event in a literary work. The superb use of symbolism in the book is one of the contributing factors to the profoundness of Lord of the Flies. This book is peppered with examples of symbolism, but the ones that stand out the most are: The breaking of Piggys spectacles, the representation of the littluns and Jack as the people and the government, and Simons conversation with the Lord of the Flies. The breaking of Piggys spectacles meant much more than the mere marring of a pair of glasses. Ralph made a step forward and Jack smacked Piggys head. Piggys glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. One sides broken. This is somewhat of a turning point in the book. The breaking of Piggys spectacles symbolizes a mark at which rational influence decays as the story progresses. To better understand this, you must first know that Piggy himself is symbolized a grown-up figure, with intelligence and common sense. Looking back on the story, one can begin to realize how true this is. After Piggys glasses are broken, the fabric that holds the island society together begins to dissolve and everything goes awry. This discussion is perhaps the single most important part of the story, and may also be the most difficult part to understand. Another subtle, but important symbolization is the representation of the littluns as the people, and Jack as the government. By using this symbolization, the author tries to express what he feels is wrong with modern government. This symbolization is shown in the book by a statement made by Jack. What about the littluns? Sucks to the littluns! Somebody has to look after them Nobody has so far. By this, the author makes reference to the government (Jack), and how government officials disregard its people (littluns). The most deeply symbolic event in the book, is Simons discussion with the pigs head, or the Lord of the Flies. -and his gaze was held by that ancient, inescapable recognition. This statement is crucial to understanding the theme of Lord of the Flies. What the author means, is the inescapable recognition of human capacities for evil. And when the pigs head said, Im part of you?, the author meant to convey that the capacity for evil is in all of us. The genius of the author, William Golding, can be clearly seen by looking at the book, Lord of the Flies, in a more profound way of thinking. To truly understand and enjoy this wonderful story, the reader must look at the deeper meaning of the book, rather than simply reading the book in a superficial way. Because of the authors expert use of symbolism, we can see that the breaking of Piggys glasses, Simons conversation with the Lord of the Flies, and the representation of the littluns and Jack as the people and the government, mean much more than what they appear to be.

Suburbanization and Asian

Table of Contents Introduction Theoretical Arguments Literature Review Data and Method Results Discussion References Introduction The most significant twentieth-century trend is that suburbs became the dominant life style for Americans (Teaford, 2008). Whites experienced overwhelming suburbanization. In 1920, Whites and Blacks lived in suburbs almost equally: about one-third of each group’s residents. However, there was a dramatic increase in suburbanization after WWII.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Suburbanization and Asian-White Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By that time, the Whites suburbanization rate grew by nearly 70%, from a 1940 level of about 38% to a 1970 level of about 63% (U.S. Bureau of Census 1963). The change to suburban dominance in population is reflected in comprehensive statistics on economic activity (Gottdiener and Hutchison, 201 1). In many cases, suburbs have outpaced their core central cities in economic importance since 1970. According to the Bureau of Census, 46 percent of the 1990 population lived in suburbia, 40 percent in central cities, and 14 percent in rural areas. This study will examine the association between the level of Asian suburbanization and the segregation between Whites and Asians in 260 metropolitan areas (U.S. Bureau of Census, 1963). Recently, Asians are the fastest growing minority group. According to the Bureau of Census, Asian population grew from 3.5 million in 1980 to 7.3 million in 1990 and to 8.8 million in 1995 (Palen, 1995). Currently, the Asian population consists of around 4% of the entire population (Bureau of Census). There always has been debate as to whether higher level of minorities’ suburbanization yields lower segregation or higher segregation. Segregation is the distribution of racial and ethnic groups into separate and distinct residential areas of the cit y (Logan, 2011). The general trends in residential dissimilarity across 260 metropolitan areas from whites have declined since 1970. Even though Blacks have experienced the most declines in residential segregation, they remain the most segregated in cities. The largest black population averages remains high. While the Asians remain the least segregated compared to other ethnical groups, the average level of Asian-Whites segregation has not changed much. So the question is why do we care about segregation and why does segregation matter? According to previous social scientists, there are some serious social costs related to residential segregation. This compares to the researches on examining Black-White segregation or Hispanic-white segregation. However, there are not many studies only focusing on Asian-White segregation. Accordingly, a variety of factors affect segregation of Asians but this paper will only focus on the role of suburbanization.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By using the data collected from the 260 major metropolitan areas across United States in 2009, the researcher will test the hypothesis that the level of suburbanization leads to the decline of Asian-White segregation based on spatial assimilation model. Theoretical Arguments The purpose of this research is to investigate the association between the level of Asian suburbanization and the segregation between whites and Asians in metropolitan areas. The hypothesis of this research is based on the spatial assimilation model that physical mobility implies one’s upward social mobility. In other words, once Asians social status moving up, then they can get living closer with whites. Therefore, Asians will have less social, economic, and cultural gaps with whites, which finally lead to the decreasing of Asian-Whites segregation. The researcher will put this hypothesis to the test. Additionally, the reputation of Asians towards Whites plays an important role concerning the point of Asian suburbanization increasing the Asian-Whites integration. To restate my hypothesis: the concentration of Asians in the suburbs of the metropolitan area will help to alleviate the Asian-white segregation in the metropolitan area. My theoretical argument is to explain why suburbanization might lead to contact that is more residential with whites. Moreover, the average incomes of Asians are the highest among other minority groups. According to the contact hypothesis, four conditions are especially important. That is urbanization, poverty levels, geographic location, and governments. Some scholars who adapted the stratification perspective state that there is relatively weak correlation exist between the continuously Asian suburbanization and the level of Asian-white segregation in the unit of metropolitan area. According to Logan and Stults’s (2011) report of the New Findings from the 2010 Census, they found that Asians are considerably less segregated than African Americans, and their segregation levels have remained steady since 1980. In addition, with the growth in Asian population, unique ethnic conglomerations tend to coagulate. Because of this, the groups live more sparsely now than in 2000, a trend that has grown since 1980.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Suburbanization and Asian-White Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite Asian isolation, another important factor is the stereotypes of Asians. Maria Krysan (2002) conducted an open-ended question survey in Los Angeles, and asked whites about their comfort with different levels of integration with Asians and then asked to explain. Krysan (2002) found the major problem with Asians is based the stereotypes: the modal response was that Asians are not friendly, stick to themselves, or are uninterested in integration. The problems with Asian neighborhoods, according to these whites, are â€Å"cultural differences† – particularly expressed as language concerns (Krysan, 2002). Thirdly, the rapid development of suburban Chinatown plays an important role in the controversial issue of continuing Asian-White segregation even in the suburbs. Another study can be looked at is Monterey Park, a suburb outside Los Angeles that became a focal point for new Chinese immigration. In 1960, the population was 85 percent white in contrast to the population in 2000 was 43 percent Asian, 35.5 percent Hispanic, and only 21.6 percent Whites. For a time, the city was known as the â€Å"Chinese Beverly Hills†, and it was later referred to as the first suburban Chinatown. Lastly, other sociologists have suspected that the presence of Asian neighbors provides a protection against white flight, or in the terminology of Farley and Frey (1994), a â€Å"buf fer.† Buffering is shorthand for the argument that the movement of â€Å"more fully assimilated second and third generations of Asians to higher-status, more integrated communities† provides â€Å"a push that should lead to greater integration of blacks. On the other hand, the spatial assimilation model has remained largely controversial issue in the previous studies, which are related to the possibility that Asians might remain segregated from whites even in the suburbs, from four aspects: Asian isolation, the emerging suburb Chinatown, Asian stereotypes, white flight, and multiethnic buffers. According to Logan and Stults’s report of the 2010 Censes new findings, the rapidly growing Asian populations are as segregated today as they were thirty years ago, and their growth is creating more intense ethnic enclaves in many parts of the country (2011).Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This paper will focus on the gateway city (this is the city that facilitates entry into the main city), because most of the new Asian immigrants live in suburban towns within the metropolitan region, not in the central city. In addition, our focus on the special assimilation perspective will help us to understand the importance of moving beyond the city and looking at the metropolitan region more broadly when we study immigration and other demographic trends that affect our communities. (Gottdiener and Hutchison, 2011). Hence, while this paper looks into this aspect, it will also delve into the effect of suburbanization on segregation of minority groups with special regard to Asians. Literature Review Large bodies of past researches show the focal relationship between the concentration of Asians in the suburbs of the metropolitan area and the level of Asian-white segregation in the metropolitan area. According to article â€Å"Trends in the Suburbanization of Racial/Ethnic Groups i n U.S. Metropolitan Areas, 1970 to 2000 (2011:239)†, the authors found that nearly all the variance in 1970 to 2000 growth in White suburbanization (86 percent) is explained by changes in the supply of suburban housing. However, the percentage of variance explained is much lower for the other minority groups. This suggests that the overwhelming cause of changes in White suburbanization over the past three decades was increases in the supply of suburban housing. Another study indicates that Whites have suburbanized faster and more completely than other groups. Hwang and Murdock (1998) concluded that the suburbs possessing seven image indicators: suburb’s smaller population size; lower density; younger housing stock; lower percentage of minority residents; suburb’s old age; higher percentage of traditional family homes and higher percentage of owner-occupied homes did draw more white movers. Massey and Denton’s (1987) cross-sectional analysis of segregation in 1980, reported that in metropolitan areas in which Hispanics or Asians had higher incomes and were more likely to speak English or to be U.S. born, these groups were significantly like to live in suburbs and thereby to experience lower levels of segregation. Moreover, according to Logan et al.’s (2004) finding, they firstly concluded that among Asians, an increasing share of foreign-born persons were associated with greater decreases in segregation. Secondly, if Asian economic standing improves, it will have a great potential to further residential assimilation with whites. Therefore, according to the assimilation model, scholars suggest that discrimination does not fundamentally drive the segregation between Asians and Whites, but the social status and culture differences seems more likely driving the segregation between Asians and Whites. Based on the 2005-2009 American Community Survey (ACS) Logan (2011) found White incomes averaged over $60,000, which is about $25,000 more than blacks and $20,000 more than Hispanics. However, Asian incomes averaged just over $70,000. Thus, if we use the spatial assimilation model, which the economic status increases, it will finally lead to residential assimilation with whites. Obviously, the dramatic increasing suburbanization rates of Whites, Asian prestige (based on statistics) and theoretical expectation based spatial assimilation will create the connection between the two testing variables that the increasing rates of suburbanization will finally lead to the decreasing level of Asian-Whites segregation. Compared to other minority groups, Asians are the least segregated group with whites. Just like Krysan (2002) found, it seems more likely the biggest problem of segregation between Asians and Whites is not about discrimination, but cultural differences . Thus, I assume that Whites hold positive attitudes toward Asian’s reputation, and this finally leads back to the model of assimilation – once w e fill the culture gap, this will eventually leads to Asian-Whites integration. The perspective of reputation of a minority group is critical. As long as the reputation stays stable, then if the social status increases and the cultural differences decreases, finally the spatial distance will relatively decreases. In addition, the spatial assimilation model denotes this meaning too. Data and Method In this section, the researcher fast forwards to 2009 using the most recent population census data in 2010. This study tests the relationship between the level of suburbanization in the metropolitan area and the level of Asian-White segregation across 276 metropolitan areas in 2009. In analyzing this focal relationship, I am testing the hypothesis that the higher suburban concentration the lower Asian-White segregation. In other words, there is a negative relationship between suburbanization and Asian-white segregation. The total number sample of metropolitan areas is 276. First, in order to generate a new variable that indicates the percentage of the population living in the suburbs in each of the metropolitan areas, I used the variable of suburban population in 2009 divided by the total population in 2009, then converted into percentage measurement. However, in order to keep the consistency in the sources of data, the number of metropolitan areas changed from 276 to 260. My analysis only includes one measure of a metropolitan-area characteristic, which is the percentage of suburbanization rate in 2009. In terms of the dependent variable, I use an â€Å"Index of Dissimilarity† to measure the level of Asian-White segregation; it indicates how evenly the members of Asians and Whites are distributed among the 260 metropolitan areas across the nation. The â€Å"Index of Dissimilarity† refers to the percentage of Asians who would have to move in for all neighborhoods to reflect a certain percentage of Asian composition of the entire city (say 46.31 percent) . There are five dimensions define geographic traits that social scientists think of when they consider segregation (Gottdiener and Hutchison 2011:213). They are Unevenness, Isolation, Clustered, Concentrated, and Centralized. The percentage of a metropolitan-area population residing in the suburban ring of the metropolitan area is taken from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s State of the Cities Data System (2009). The researcher will use correlation analysis to test whether there is a negative association between the level of suburbanization and the level of Asian-white segregation in the metropolitan areas in 2009. The bivariate regression utilizes the relationship between the independent and dependent variables to predict the score of the dependent variable from the independent variable. In other words, after testing the hypothesis by using bivariate regression model, we will be able to predict the level of Asian-white segregation from the level of sub urbanization. However, in this study, we are more focusing on the association or relationship between these two variables than prediction. The most common is a Pearson correlation coefficient (r), which is the correlation between two interval variables, and it ranges from -1.00 to +1.00. If -0.3r0.3, then we consider it as weak relationship; if -0.74-0.3 or 0.3r0.7, then it is considered as moderate relationship; if -1.00r-0.7 or 0.7r1.0, then we interpret it as strong relationship. Results Results from model predicting the level of suburbanization has very weak positive association on Asian-White segregation in 2009 in 260 metropolitan areas across the United States. This is completely opposite to the hypothesis. The correlation coefficient arrived at from the regression model is 0.0121. This indicates a weak but positive relationship between the variables. Therefore, the level of suburbanization almost has no effect on the level of Asian-white segregation in 2009 across 260 metrop olitan areas (n=260). Obviously, the result does not support my hypothesis that there is a negative association between the level of suburbanization and the level of Asian-white segregation. This shows that other factors are also at play in affecting the segregation of Asians. This may include poverty levels, demographic shapes, levels of immigration, social status, and state and federal policies. While suburbanization plays a role in segregation, the factors appear more pronounced as they form a larger chunk of the explanatory model (Timberlake et al. 2011). Moreover, the bar graph interprets the level of Asian-white segregation are all under 50, which means modest segregation. An interesting finding in the bar graph shows that the modest level of suburbanization actually has higher Asian-whites segregation than the lowest and highest level of suburbanization. The result implies that segregation tends to categorize things into certain groups that look alike. This actually supports my counter theoretical argument that Asians might remain segregated from whites even in the suburbs. For example, while Chinese are of Asian descent, suburban Chinatowns seem to be resided by Chinese only. This is despite the fact that there may be black population residing alone and whites alone in the same locality. Discussion The United States has traditionally been referred to as a â€Å"melting pot†. Her history began with waves of immigrants; bring their own cultures, traditions and all hoping to find freedom, new opportunities, and a better way of life. The racial segregation has a long history in the United States: from the Black Codes to Chinese Exclusion Act to Japanese American internment to Jim Crow Laws to Redlining to Separate but Equal to White flight. As we can see, the state of segregation has been changed from legally enforced separation to more voluntary or involuntary separation. The result shows that the increasing suburbanization does not have big effec ts on Asian-white segregation. However, it has a slight influence on bringing up the segregation of Asian and Whites. Therefore, the question as to whether suburbanization created more opportunities for living the â€Å"American Dream,† lingers. On the other hand, it is prudent to ask whether suburbanization led to the homogenization of American culture, which produces more segregation and isolation. As I already argued at the beginning, too many unmeasured variables affect segregation of Asians. For this study particularly, I only focus on the role of suburbanization (Lu, 2001). The results explain my hypothesis that suburbanization might not be the only factor that cause the Asian segregation. Therefore, in spite of suburbanization, what are the other factors affect segregation of Asians? According to Park and Iceland’s (2011) findings of residential segregation from 1990 to 2000, Asian segregation levels are consistently lower in new destinations. Moreover, the nati ve-born are less segregated than the foreign born, which is consistent with immigrant spatial incorporation. Finally, socioeconomic indicators are generally consistent with predictions of spatial assimilation. This study posits several academic and procedural limitations. First, lack of independent variables causes spuriousness. Secondly, there lacks available data to support Asian segregation. Thirdly, this study only observes one year (2009), which is too short for studying segregation. Usually, sociologists often study segregation for at least a decade or even longer periods, so they can gather more data and come up better patterns. Data availability has the capacity to bring studies that are more empirical. Additionally, it is possible to relate to different periods to study patterns. References Gottdiener, M. Hutchison, R. (2011). The New Urban Sociology. Boudler, CO: Westview Press. Hwang, S. Murdock, S. (1998). Toward an Integrated Ecological- Sociological Theory of Suburba nization. Web. Krysan, M. (2002). Whites Who Say they would flee: Who are they, and why would they leave. Demography, 39(4): 675-696. Logan, J. Stults, B. (2011). The Persistence of Segregation in the Metropolis: New Findings from the 2010 Census. Web. Logan, J. (2011). Separate and Unequal: The Neighborhood Gap for Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians in Metropolitan America. Web. Logan, J. et al (2004). Segregation of Minorities in the Metropolis: Two Decades of Change. Demography 41(1): 1-22. Lu, S. (2001). Intergroup Contact and the Assimilation of the Chinese Entrepreneurs in Small Southern Towns: A New Approach to the Intergroup Contact Hypothesis. Web. Massey, D.S. N.A. Denton, N.A. (1987). Trends in the Residential Segregation of Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians: 1970-1980. American Sociological Review 52(1): 802-25. Palen, J. (1995). The Suburban Revolution: an Introduction. Sociological Focus, 28(4): 347-351. Park, J. Iceland, J. (2011). Residential Segregation in Metropolitan Es tablished Immigrant Gateways and New Destinations, 1990-2000. Social Science Research, 40(3):811-821. Teaford, J. C. (2008). The American suburb: The basics. New York: Routledge. Timberlake, J. et al. (2011). Trends in the Suburbanization of Racial/Ethnic Groups in U.S. Metropolitan Areas, 1970 to 2000. Urban Affairs Review, 47(2): 218-255. U.S. Bureau of Census. (1963). Eighteenth census of the United States: 1960, vol. III pt. 1D: Selected area reports, standard metropolitan statistical areas. Web. This research paper on Suburbanization and Asian-White Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas was written and submitted by user Mckenz1e to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Trifles Essay Summary Example For Students

Trifles Essay Summary Susan Glaspells’s Trifles is a little gem of a play. In one short act, the playwright presents the audience with a complex human drama leaving us with a haunting question. Did an abused Nebraska farm wife murder her husband? Through the clever use of clues and the incriminating dialogue of thetwo main characters, this murder mystery unfolds into a psychological masterpiece of enormous proportions. Written in 1916, the play deals with the theme of the roles of women in society. This was a time before women had the right to vote or sit on juries. Shortly after writing the play, Glaspell wrote it as a short story entitled A Jury of Her Peers. The scene is set in the cold, gloomy kitchen of a Nebraska farmhouse. The room is quite messy with signs of uncompleted work everywhere; unwashed pots, a dirty hand towel, and bread left open on the table. The first characters to enter the stage are two middle-aged men, the county sheriff, Henry Peters, and Lewis Hale, a local farmer. They are followed by a younger man, George Henderson, the county attorney. Then, the main characters arrive on stage, the sheriffs wife and the farmer’s wife, Mrs. The men have arrived to investigate the murder of the owner of the house, John Wright. The women have come to gather some clothes and personal belongings for Minnie (Foster) Wright, who nowis in the county jail on charges that she killed her husband. The men are all caught up in the so called â€Å"important† investigation of the case, belittling the women’s concerns as being mere â€Å"trifles†, when actually the women are the ones uncovering the clues which could solve the case and reveal the The â€Å"trifles† uncovered by the two women are intriguing to say the least. They tell the audience agreat deal about the home life and mental state of Mrs. Wright. The house didn’t have a telephone because when Mr. Hale asked if Mr. Wright would want to join him in paying for a party line, Wright’s reply was â€Å"folks talk too much anyway and all he wanted was peace and quiet.† When Mr. Hale foundMrs. Wright, she was sitting in her rocking chair â€Å"looking queer, as if she didn’t know what she was going to do next.† Hale then went upstairs and discovered Wright’s body lying in bed, a rope tiedaround his neck. Wright had been strangled. We will write a custom essay on Trifles Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The pieces of evidence found in the kitchen by the women paint a picture of a desperate woman who had suffered mental and perhaps physical abuse at the hands of her cruel husband for 30 years. Jars of cherries that Mrs. Wright had preserved were found broken and the women assume it is because of the cold. A roller towel was found dirty, dirty pots under the sink, and a loaf of bread on the table was left to go stale. Mrs. Hale doesn’t think Minnie Wright did it because Minnie is still concerned about the household things. She wondered how a person could be strangled without waking up or wakeningsomeone in bed with him. The women find a quilt that Mrs. Wright had been working on and the laststitches are uneven and Mrs. Hale pulls them out. Mrs. Peters finds a birdcage with a broken door hingethat looked as if someone had been rough with it. They find the dead bird wrapped up in silk in a box in Mrs. Wright’s sewing basket, it’s neck broken. The climax of the play is when the men return and Mrs. Hale hides the bird in her coat pocket and Mrs. Peters keeps the secret. .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 , .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .postImageUrl , .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 , .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:hover , .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:visited , .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:active { border:0!important; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:active , .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0 .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6e04924d0281fdeb23cf356046cde0a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Of empire EssayThe protagonist of the play is probably Mrs. Hale. She knew Minnie Foster Wright as a happy,beautiful, talented young girl before the years of toil and abuse by John Wright had turned her into a sad,lonely and perhaps, battered woman. Mrs. Hale was sympathetic because she also was a farm wife but at least, she had her children to keep her company. Mrs. Hale felt guilty that she hadn’t taken the time to visit Minnie Wright but she excused herself saying that their was so much work to do on the farm and the Wright place never looked cheerful. The play was filled with symbols, especially the broken cage and the dead bird, which could have represented Min nie Wright herself, a woman whose zest for life had been squeezed out of her by her tyrant of a husband. There was suspense as the women hide the evidence, perhaps saving Mrs. Wright’s life. This leads to a moral dilemma. Did the women have the right to conceal the evidence? Were they doing it only for Minnie Wright or for all women who could never have a jury of their peers?Bibliography:

Greek vs Roman Philsophy on physical education Research Paper Example

Greek vs Roman Philsophy on physical education Research Paper Example Greek vs Roman Philsophy on physical education Paper Greek vs Roman Philsophy on physical education Paper Roman and Greek philosophies influenced modern physical education in deference ways. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the different philosophies or beliefs the Greek and Roman cultures had. They each had different beliefs but they also shared some similarities. The Greeks established much of the Westerns world belief about physical education. There were two metaphysical systems In Greece: Naturalistic and Anta- naturalistic. Naturalistic means a mans nature Is both spiritual and physical. Anta- naturalistic means mans nature created by mind. Both views believed In an Importance on mind, the difference In beliefs was the body. W Sparta and Athens were each a part of Greece and they each had different philosophies on physical education. Sparta believed highly In physical education. Therefore they were physically fit and great soldiers. Sparta was the military center and power of Greece. Athens was the center of culture and learning. Athens believe physical education had a prominent place in education. Romans were polytheistic like the Greeks. Most of their gods were the same as Greeks but with Roman names. Romans were great engineers although they did not do as much scientifically as Greeks did. Romans philosophy on physical education was similar to Sparta. They believed in being physically fit and strong soldiers. Philosophers of the Roman Empire provided code of conduct, critical to the development of citizens and the survival of the Republic. The early republic of Rome stayed physically fit but did not believe in the Greek way of competition. : Over time this began to change and Romans became less interested in being physically fit. They became a Republic of spectators. The games did not translate to physical education as they did in Greece. Greece and Rome both had an impact on physical education. There philosophies were a lot alike at first but, over time Romeos philosophy began to change. In my opinion the Roman change was not good. I think Sparta had the best philosophy compared to Athens and Rome. My philosophy on physical education has been Influenced by both Rome and Greece. Greek vs. Roman Philosophy on physical education By Samaritan Roman and Greek philosophies influenced modern physical education in difference education. There were two metaphysical systems in Greece: Naturalistic and Anti- naturalistic. Naturalistic means a mans nature is both spiritual and physical. Anti- naturalistic means mans nature created by mind. Both views believed in an importance on mind, the difference in beliefs was the body. W philosophies on physical education. Sparta believed highly in physical education. Influenced by both Rome and Greece.

International Trade and Maritime Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Trade and Maritime Law - Essay Example Carrier is deemed to be in charge of the goods at the time of receipt of goods to the time of delivery. Whereas the Hague-Visby Rules denotes the Scope of Coverage as an implication where it covers the period of time when the goods are loaded on the ship to the time they are discharged from the ship. ((Sundaram, 2004, pg 12) When the matter of Carriers' Covered is taken into consideration the Hamburg Rules covers carriers that conclude a contract of carriage of goods by sea or are named in a contract of carriage of goods by sea with a shipper. Also covers "actual carriers" which include any person entrusted by the carrier to perform all or part of the carriage of the goods. (Sundaram,2003, pg 29) Under the Hamburg Rules the carrier is liable for loss, damage, or delay in delivery of goods, if the loss occurred while the goods were under the carrier's charge, unless the carrier proves that he, his servant or agents took all measures that could reasonably be required to avoid the occurrence and its consequences (loss or damage). More over, in accordance to the Carrier Liability or Duty of Care rules of Hague-Visby Rules the carrier shall properly load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for, and discharge the goods carried and supply ship. ((Sundaram,2004, pg 21) In the case of Carrier Defenses to Liability Hamburg Rules states that the carrier must prove that he, his servants or agent took all measures that could reasonably be required to avoid the occurrence and its consequences. Whereas under The Hague-Visby Rules the loss or damage resulting from: 1. Unseaworthiness (but the carrier must show that the unseaworthiness did not result from carrier's lack of due diligence); 2. Error in navigation or management of the ship; 3. Fire (unless

Austrailain Law - Business Law report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Austrailain Law - Business Law report - Essay Example The case examples highlight important elements required for promissory estoppel to be applicable. Keywords: Promissory estoppel, detriment. Content Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Promissory estoppel†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 Collier v P&M J Wright (Holdings)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Collier v P&M J Wright case review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 D & C Builders V Rees†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 D & C Builders V Rees case review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Introduction Estoppel in law implies to stop or bar a person from denying matters or truths that he/ she expressly or impliedly stated (Sharma 1994). Promissory estoppel can therefore be defined as legal doctrine that bars a person from making a promise and then withdrawing it at a time when a second party has reas onably acted upon the promise to their detriment (Spence 1997). If an individual makes a statement that causes a second party to act in a particular way, then that person will be â€Å"estopped† from denying the truth (Spence 1997). In order for promissory estoppel to hold, the promise or statement made must be reasonable. The statement must also be unequivocal; meaning that there is no element of ambiguity in it. In Australian law, the doctrine holds even if the parties did not have any preexisting relationship. The doctrine stipulates that it is necessary for the promisee to act to their detriment for it to hold. Promissory estoppel was established back in the 19th century in the English Law Courts. The case involved Metropolitan Railway Co v Hughes in the year 1877 (Cartwright 2006). The doctrine is especially important to the business world since it ensures that individuals are compensated if they incur losses when they act based on promises delivered by others. Australia n law adopted promissory estoppel doctrine in the case of Legione v. Hateley, 1983 (Nolan 2000). In that case, the plaintiff had sued the defendant after he rescinded the contract on sale of land, which had already come to pass. The plaintiff had asked for more time to pay the balance he owed. Promissory estoppel usually applies in business dealings. It is meant to protect those who act upon statement and promises and in the process experience a disadvantage or detriment. In Australian law, the doctrine is enforceable under certain conditions. These may include dishonesty from the person who makes a promise, presence of a contractual relation between individuals, or where a person has duty of information. It is important to note that there are some limitations on the doctrine of estoppel. As mentioned earlier, the doctrine holds only when the statement or promise made is of a factual nature. The other limitation is that the doctrine does not hold for promises meant to be fulfilled i n the future (Cartwright 2006). Promissory estoppel In simple contracts, a person may be able to break an agreement and cause injury to others. This doctrine ensures that the promisee is held liable for his words. Promissory estop

Carpet Recovery Recycling-Six Sigma Methodolgy Essay

Carpet Recovery Recycling-Six Sigma Methodolgy - Essay Example and more recently attentions have shifted to service environments. 31 Six Sigma is not just another management catch phrase. Rather, it is a highly disciplined process that helps a business develop and deliver near perfect products and services. By accurately measuring the number of defects in a process, you can systematically eliminate them. Achieving Six Sigma indicates you have less than four defects per million transactions. Needless to say how important it is. Just imagine at three sigma you have at least 54,000 defective drug prescriptions a year, more than 40,500 newborn babies accidentally dropped in the hospital each year and unsafe drinking water almost two hours each month. Comparing with above mentioned at Six Sigma quality level we would get only one wrong drug prescription, in 25 years, three newborn babies dropped in 100 years and unsafe drinking water only one second every 16 years 31 Six Sigma goes beyond small point improvements in product quality to the very fabric of the organization as a whole. It is a process for both improving performance and ensuring consistency in the delivery of a product or service. Most importantly, Six Sigma focuses on the customer. It continuously and rigorously measures those elements the customer identifies as "critical-to-quality." In other words, importance of Six Sigma is in its ability to transform abstract business scenarios into tangible and fact based situations thus minimizing guessing in solving business issues. 32 Bob Galvin former CEO of Motorola stated that the lack of initial investment in the non manufacturing areas of the business over four years was a blunder that cost the business over 5 million dollars (Basu & Write, 2003, p43). However, organisations have implemented six sigma initiatives in transactional frameworks with success- testimonial for six sigma triumphs in services range from American Express and PriceWaterHouseCoopers to local NHS

The Most Popular Type Of Online Advertising

The Most Popular Type Of Online Advertising Introduction Online advertising can say as a form of promotion. It uses the Internet and World Wide Web for provide the marketing messages to attract customers. Online advertising is also divided into many different forms of advertising. For example, pop-out advertising, button advertising, sponsorships advertising, banner advertising, interstitial advertising, classified advertising, interactive game advertising, text advertising, facebook advertising, floting advertising and so on. It also has variety of payment methods for online advertising. The most common way in online advertising payment methods are CPM, CPC, and CPA. In my opinion, online advertising are the great way for sellers to promote or deliver their goods information for public. Online advertising are easy to use, and the easy way to let public know. The costs of online advertising are very low, so it can save the owners money. Other than that, online advertising also can save our earth. Why I say this is because it is environmentally friendly. The owner post their advert information online, they no need to use the paper to produce advertising paper. Moreover, for public, internet is a common thing nowadays. Most of the people have computer in house. They can online and get the information easily. Besides that, nowadays online shopping is very popular. There are certified sellers, and people can buy product from them safety. Online advertising have many advantages but also have some disadvantages. It cannot deliver the information for the old aged people, because they seldom online and they do know how to use the computer. Moreover, there are also some cheaters online. So, the improvements of online advertising have to do effectively. This report have intro the most popular online advertising. It is banner advertising and facebook advertising. The contents are about the advantages, disadvantages, improvement of the advertising and some example of the advertising. Online Advertising The key of successful business is the business how to promote the product and services to all readers by using the online. According to the statistical data, more of the 80% people will everyday surf through the technologically such as internet. So, the internet has becomes an indispensable part of peoples lives. Thus, it can be considered a wide channel for the business which wants to promote their products and services to all the people. The online advertising method has becomes the most popular method for the business. It is because online advertising is easy and low advertising cost. Besides that, the online advertising also have a lot of the readers or viewers. There are many method of online advertising that can used to promote the product and services such as bloggers advertising, banner advertising, email advertising, forum advertising and so on. But in this assignment, I would like to go on deep about the banner advertising. Advantages of Banner Advertising Banner Advertising is a most important component of web-business creation. It is a good method for making the profits in the website. It is because banner advertising is very simple and easy by just sign up an affiliate programs and follow the instruction given to create an attractive banner that link your website with the advertiser. We can free to choose the design of the layout and content of our site. With the pay-per-click advertisements, we can get paid from viewer who clicked on your banner. Moreover, it is the easier way to let the viewers remember the company name and logo. On the other hand, it become more effective and convenience compare when compare with other online advertising. Furthermore, the banner advertising is much cheaper than other ads. It normally counts by the size of the banner or loads of a banner advertisement, a cost per miles (CPM) for a minimum purchase. For example, if you make a banner ad on Yahoo, it cost you a CPM of $20 $25. It is much cheaper than other advertising media. Compare with others, the small firm or company can afford for the banner advertising cost. In addition, by using the banner advertising that can easy got a lot of larger audiences. Last but not least, with the banner advertising, we can share the information at anywhere and in any times. It is because the internet is links worldwide. So, everyone can access to the Internet 24 hours daily . Besides that, publisher also update the product and service information release products and services as well as promotion instantly. Disadvantages of Banner Advertising There are few disadvantages of banner advertising. Firstly, there is no assurance of the audience responses. It is because banner only assures that the banner advertising maybe will just be viewed by people and is no guarantee that people will click on the banner advertising. Secondly, the publisher must make sure that the banner advertising is attractive and innovative. It is because if the banner advertising is not attracted by the reader, then nobody would click into the banner advertising and deliver the message of the advertising . It is waste time and cost because maybe the business or firm need to hire the professional for creating a unique banner in order to compete with the competitors. The speed will also the banner advertising. It is because many graphics, moving image or video will take more time to load and waiting the image appears. This and the idea that designer create will become mess, it will be discourage some viewers and readers. Finally, the publisher can only know about the number of views of the banner advertising but unable to estimate the effective of the advertising. It is because banner ads may be unreliable on the revenue. Furthermore, there are too many incidents of cheating in Internet, viewers will have a thought before clicking into any ads because viewer will to afraid the fraud cases and the viruses spread. This eventually brings negative effect on the banner advertising who advertises through online. Improvement Banners adv is most popular for the marketers. But in the recently years, the prices of the banner advertising are drop and also not so attracted by the people. So, the designer must use the bright color for the advertising. It is because bright color can easy attract the readers attraction. Besides that, the slogan for the advertisement needs to be improved. The slogan must be short and clear that can let the readers understanding the contents of the advertising. Besides that, the best way to advertise the banner advertising is using animate. Comparing the static advertising and animated advertising, animated advertising can attract more the readers. All the animation effect can be more easily to express the meaning of advertising. On the other hand, if the banner advertising want increase viewer, the advertising picture must load quickly. It is because most all the viewers do not have so much patience, it is not suitable for the viewer waiting so long. So, we must let our advertising loading faster. Facebook Advertising Facebook is born on year 2004. It is created by three Harvard university students, the purpose they launched this website is to put students in touch with one another and share their photos and meet new friends. Firstly, the name of the website is known as thefacebook.com. After a year, the website becomes extremely popular on the Harvard campus and students in 800 colleges across the United States are joining the network. In August of that year, its membership grew to more than 5 million, and the sites name changed to Facebook. Facebook was originally launched for college students, but today anyone can join the network. Facebook purpose is giving people a way to share information in an easy and entertaining way. So facebook advertising is nowadays popular in every level of people. Advantage of facebook advertising is clearly proved in recent year. Now, let me explain about the advantage of facebook advertising. It can be classified and change from existing advertising to one by one type of signal transduction by knowing the facebook users interests, their areas of work, the brand they concern and the way they interacting with friends. As we know, nowadays many people took facebook as a part of their lives, so this is the where you can find your audience who interested to your product. There is a real case about the efficiency of facebook adverting. Facebook give ability to CM Photographic Company to target their consumer group, which are the women between 24-30 years old and their relationship status on Facebook indicated that they were engaged. Over the 12 month, the CM Photographic Company put in $600 advertising investment on facebook and they already generated nearly $40,000 profit. Recently, aready have 11,977 facebook users like CM Photographic company, they not only effective consumer, they have indicated a wish to obtain more information. This is the example of the facebook advertising. The advertisement always appears on the right side, and if you want to know the information clearly, you can click the title of the advertisement to get more information on its front page. Advantages of facebook advertising are numerous. It can easily reach your target consumers. You can link with 500 million customers that who are potential. Moreover, you can choose your audience by interest, age, location and gender. You can random use simple image or text-based adverts to view your product. Facebook advertising can deep strengthening the relationship between seller and buyer. It can promote your facebook front page and website, facebook user can use use the like button to increase your adverts influence. It also can found a community around your business. The most important thing when we want to create the adverts is budget. Facebook advertising provide a system that are low-cost and easily to control your budget. You can Set the daily budget you are adapt and regulate your daily budget at any time. Other than that, you can also select to pay only when people click (CPC) or see your advert (CPM). The disadvantages of facebook adveritising are the credibility is very small. The person who see the advertisement have to reflect on the advertisement whether it is true or not. This is because nowadays many cheater. Another disadvantages is the promotion that published on the facebook advertising, some of it are cheat. The seller just wants to attract the facebook user to look at the advertisement. Other than that, the field of people level are not balance. Normally, the facebook user are young or middle-aged people, but less of old aged people. So that, not everything can advert on facebook. Besides that, there are something cannot sell online. This is because you do not know whether there is suitable for u to use or not. There are some improvement can make for facebook advertising. The most important is get reliance form the user. Facebook can survey the information of the advertisement before published on facebook. Other than that, also can distributed an authenticate for the real information advert. Conclusion Normal advertising is a method of promoting product by using 100% offline and physical product such as newspapers, magazines, flyers and others. It is the form of advertisement that easily spread any message to the reader. By using online advertising, the reader internet just can only know the product and services. The online advertising and offline advertising both have their different usefulness. But, both advertisement must include the name of the product and services, it can easily let the reader can understand at a glance. Besides that, the advertisement also must include the benefits of the product and services that can easily persuade the reader from buying the product and services and can increase the sales and profit. Internet also become the main and efficient medium for advertising and it has be predicted that the online advertising and marketing is going to replace the normal advertising through the traditional media such as television, radio, newspaper and magazines. Comparison The online advertising is more efficiently compared with the normal advertising such as television. It is because the online advertising can immediately send the information to the reader. So, the reader can quickly up-to- date with all kind of information. On the other way, the old method of advertising such as newspaper would take at least 1 day to produce the advertisements. So, the reader cannot immediately know all the information. The normal advertisement such as television or newspaper that can be obtained by copyright, takes a lot of time. Unlike the online advertising, we do not need to waste the time to obtain the copyright. Thats why online advertising is faster and save the publishers time. Besides that, if we want to publish the advertising through the traditional advertising such as newspaper, it may charge a higher advertising fee. But for the online advertising, we directly post our advertising through the website. It can be free or just charge a little of the cost fees. Besides that, the online advertising also can post the product pictures that can let the reader convenient to choose the product. Thus, some of the websites provide 24 hours service a day, so the reader can choose the product or services at anytime. For the traditional method, only the readers who are willing and able to buy the newspapers able to view the advertisement. The online advertising is for the reader who can access the internet only can view the advertisement. So, it is considered as global advertising. But if the advertising were to be done through the newspaper, the advertisement can only be used in one country. There are few advantages of online advertising compared to the traditional online advertising that give the company ads more wider coverage and the global wider coverage that will help to make the advertisement more popular among people which could help to get better result though online advertising campaign. Online advertising is faster compared to the offline advertising in sending out the ads to the audience in advertising the campaign. However, there are also some disadvantages involved in online advetistment. Disadvantages of advertising online include measurement problems, audience characteristics, potential for deception, costs, limited production quality, poor reach and lack of Intrusiveness. For normal advertising, it can be said that it is more effective and powerful in promoting a particular product or service. The advantages that are derived through online advertising such as right from cost, availability, wider consumer markets, and the potential to increased profit margins, internet advertising has the upper hand. For the traditional print methods and distributions have the trends of the internet surpass at each level of the marketing process. Traditional print advertising is composed of common marketing collateral. Internet advertising is the conglomeration of electronics such as computer, or server, and the marketing collateral is on a professionally designed website, which also known as an electronic storefront. In evaluating costs in traditional print publication, heavy expenses are incurred through the design for each campaign or promotion, printing fees, and storage facilities to store the containers and bundles of material. Furthermore, there is the distribution cost that needs to be considered such as the costs of labour, transportation and the postage itself. Talking about the error rectification, the traditionally printed promotion may incur at the costs that be paid. In contrast, the advantages of Internet-based advertising, the error modification incur a little cost in repairing typographical errors and wrong promotion dates. Its much easier to fix an oversight instantly, and only takes a moment. To throw light on the availability of a business, traditional print promotions are time-centered. The hours of a business or service are limited to the hours, hence potential sales to consumers during the non working hours are limited. The promotion is also possible for only a set tenure, and when the session gets completed, the whole process is repeated with additional cost. In analyzing the advantages of internet versus traditional print methods, the consumer market potential is extremely limited in the traditional advertising with geographical restrictions in most media being available only to the local viewing area. The businesses are rarely in small-mid-size in approaching the sales on a national or global level. By comparison, the internet marketing is more advantages since it caters to the global market and has no physical or geographical limitations. In this day and age, the website is readily available to any consumer with a computer includes the majority of consumers throughout the world. There are no additional costs in reaching the expanded global markets since internet advertising extends to the global audience. The chances of potential customers are more and hence the profit margin is also on the higher side. In other words, the advantages of internet advertising is much more than the traditional print forerunner, in lessened costs, availability, expanded consumer markets, and largely in the overall profit margin .

The Important of Semantics Knowledge in Teaching English

Speech act theory and the analysis of conversations. Sequencing and interpretation in pragmatic theory Jacques Moeschler Department of Linguistics University of Geneva 1. Introduction Conversation has recently become a focus of interest for speech act theory and several proposals have been formulated concerning the possible extension of speech act theory to the analysis of conversation. This debate (cf. Searle et al. 1992) has to be interpreted as a reactive move rather than as a natural extension of the domain of speech act theory.Nevertheless, this reaction, either sceptical (cf. Searle 1992) or optimistic (cf. Dascal 1992, Vanderveken 1992 and 1994), has brought interesting issues which contrast with the various attempts by linguists at extending speech act theory to the domain of discourse1 . The first purpose of this paper is to explicit the divergence between philosophers and linguists about the possible extension of speech act theory to discourse analysis. This paper has anoth er purpose : it also deals with the possible domain of pragmatic theory with respect to discourse analysis.I shall argue that the main purpose of discourse analysis is the definition of necessary and sufficient 2 MOESCHLER conditions for sequencing and interpretating utterances in discourse. I claim that these two aspects of discourse (sequencing and interpretation) are intrinsically related and cannot be accounted for independently from each other. I claim furthermore that speech act theory cannot give any insight into the sequencing and interpretation problems, because speech act theory is neither a theory of interpretation (it is a theory of meaning) nor a global theory of action.Finally I show how a radical pragmatic theory (in the Gricean sense) accounts for the sequencing and interpretation problems. 2 2. Speech act theory and conversation There is a common sense argument shared by philosophers and linguists in favour of the possible extension of speech act theory to discourse analysis. This argument is the following : Speech acts are not isolated moves in communication : they appear in more global units of communication, defined as conversations or discourses.Vanderveken (1994, 53) gives an explicit version of this thesis when asserting that speakers perform their illocutionary acts within entire conversations where they are most often in verbal interaction with other speakers who reply to them and perform in turn their own speech acts with the same collective intention to pursue with success a certain type of discourse. Thus, above all, the use of language is a social form of linguistic behavior.It consists, in general, of ordered sequences of utterances made by several speakers who tend by their verbal interactions to achieve common discursive goals such as discussing a question, deciding together how to react to a certain situation, negociating, consulting or more simply to exchange greetings and talk for its own sake. For terminological convenience, I will call such ordered sequences of speech acts conversations. SPEECH ACTS AND CONVERSATION 3 The basis of this argument is that conversation is made of sequences of speech acts.This certainly is a plausible theoretical claim3 , but gives rise to a certain number of objections, raised mainly by Searle (1992) in his skeptical argument. These objections concern essentially the possible relations between questions and answers in conversation, and can be stated as follows. First of all, questions are defined in speech acts theory as requests for information, and as such impose representative acts as replies. But this cannot be correct, since a reply may have another illocutionary point (as a promise) if the question is a request for a promise.Secondly, certain questions require a directive as a reply, and not a representative, when the question contains a modal auxiliary verb (cf. the exchange : â€Å"Shall I marry Sally ? † – â€Å"Yes, do†/ â€Å"No, donâ€⠄¢t† / â€Å"*Yes, you shall† / â€Å"*No, you shall not†). The third counter-example is given by indirect reponses, which do not satisfy syntactic conditions, although the answer is pragmatically appropriate. To these three arguments, we could add an even more embarrassing one : answer is not a specific illocutionary force, which could be analysed by the seven components of illocutionary force (cf.Searle & Vanderveken 1985). Answer is a functional discursive qualification, but certainly not the semantic definition of a speech act type. These objections make explicit an important difference between the structure of illocutionary acts and the structure of conversation. In speech act theory, and more precisely in illocutionary logic, illocutionary force is decomposed into seven components, which are all necessary conditions for the successful and non defective accomplishment of illocutionary acts.These components (cf. Searle & Vanderveken 1985, 12-20) are the illoc utionary point, the degree of strength of the illocutionary point, the mode of achievement of the illocutionary point, the propositional content conditions of the illocutionary act, the preparatory conditions of the illocutionary act, the sincerity conditions of the illocutionary act, and finally the degree of strength of the sincerity conditions. That predictions 4 MOESCHLER bout the sequencing in conversation are difficult to come by follows from the fact that the internal structure of illocutionary acts (and more specifically the set of conditions for success) cannot determine the set of possible replies for any type of illocutionary act. By contrast, discourse analysis, while specifying sequential relations in discourse between speech acts, does not constrain sequencing in conversation depending on the set of possible components of illocutionary force. The constraints are not structural, in the sense of speech act theory, they are on the contrary functional.This means that the b asic structures of conversation (exchanges) are made of lower order conversational units (moves) which carry functional properties. If speech act theory has been used so extensively within this paradigm of discourse analysis4 , it is because the functional properties associated with speech acts as units of meaning have been exported to speech acts as units of communication and discourse. This has several consequences for the description of speech acts within discourse analysis. The first consequence is that the structure of conversation is not only based on a hierarchy of constituency, but is also functional.To take a classical discourse model (cf. Sinclair & Coulthard 1975), discourse categories (exchange, move, and act) are defined functionally. For instance, an act of ELICITATION is part of a move of ELICITATION, which governs an exchange of ELICITATION. Thus all discourse constituents receive a communicative function, that is, an interactive meaning. But we are here far from the conventional and semantic-meaning defining speech acts in speech act theory5 . As we have just noticed, discourse analysis supposes principles of constituency which allow interpretive or functional inheritance.If we assume, as above, that an ELICITATION is a two-place predicate relating utterance-units and discourse-units, we must assume too that the functional properties of the smallest discourse units (acts) are inherited by the larger constituents (moves and exchanges). This principle is structurally identical to the projection principle in generative grammar : a phrase is a maximal projection of a lexical head (for SPEECH ACTS AND CONVERSATION 5 instance NP is a maximal projection of a N); in discourse, then, an exchange is thus functionally a maximal projection of an act.The principle of functional projection is not a necessary consequence of discourse analysis. Another classical discourse model, the Geneva hierachicalfunctional model (cf. Roulet et al. 1985, Moeschler 1985, M oeschler 1989a) makes a different claim : functional values do not stand in a one-to-one relationship with discourse structures. In this model, there is a basic difference between rules of discourse formation and principles of functional interpretation. The structural dimension is based on the following rules of formation : R1 Units of type Exchange are made of units of type Move.R1’ Exchanges are composed of at least two Moves. R2 Units of type Move are made of units types Act, Move or Exchange. R2’ Moves composed by a single Act are well-formed. R2†Moves composed by an Act and another discourse-unit type (Move or Exchange) are well-formed. R2†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Moves composed by a single Exchange are ill-formed. Thus, the following discourse structures are well-formed : (1) a. b. c. > where E = exchange, M = move, A = act The structures in (1a-c) are the hierarchical representations corresponding to the following short exchanges in (2)-(4): (2) A B A B A Are you re ady ?We can leave. Are you ready ? Why ? We must leave now. (3) 6 B (4) A B A B A MOESCHLER Okay, but when I am in a hurry, I always forget something. Are you ready ? Because we must leave now. Yes I am Good. Let’s go Let’s go Okay We can represent the bracketting structures given in (1) by the following tree-schemata : (5) (a) E M2 A We can leave. M1 A Are you ready ? (b) E E M2 M M1 M1 M2 M M1 A A A A A A A A A A A A A Are you ready ? Why ? We must leave now. Okay, but when I am in a hurry, I always forget something. (c) M1 E M2 M3 E M2 M3Are you ready ? Because we must leave now. Yes I am Good Let's go Let’s go Okay These structures mean that in (5a) the exchange is made of two moves both composed of a single act, in (5b) the exchange is composed of two moves, the second of which is made of an exchange with two moves, and a move composed by an act and a move, and in (5c) the three-move exchange contains in the first move an exchange made of three moves. SPEEC H ACTS AND CONVERSATION 7 What are the functional counterparts of the structural aspects of conversational discourse ?There are two dimensions of functional properties associated with the structural device : the first dimension is a restricted inheritance principle, and the second, a general procedure for assigning interpretation to discourse constituents. The first principle is a principle of functional composition : Principle of functional composition (i) Constituents of exchanges bear illocutionary functions. (ii) Constituents of moves bear interactive functions. Definitions (i) Illocutionary functions are of three types : initiative, reactive, and reactive-initiative. (ii) Interactive functions are of two types : directive, and subordinate.The first move of an exchange (M1) is always initiative; the final move of an exchange is always reactive. For instance M2 in the exchange is the reactive move, and M1 is the initiative move. An inserted move (for example M2 in the structure ) is a reactive-initiative move. A directive (D) constituent is of the type move or act, and contains the act from which the move receives its illocutionary function; a subordinate (constituent (of rank act, move or exchange) is cancellable, and generally completes, argues for, or justifies the main or directive constituent of the move. We can now ive the complete hierachical-functional structures given in (1) and (5) as (6) and (6’) : (6) a. b. c. 8 MOESCHLER where E = exchange, sE = subordinate exchange, M = move, sM = subordinate move, dM = directive move, sA = subordinate act, dA = directive act (6’) (a) E M2 dA We can leave. M1 dA Are you ready ? (b) E M2 dM sE M1 M1 M 2 dM dA dA dA sA sA dA dA sA dA dA dA dA dA Are you ready ? Why ? We must leave now. Okay, but when I am in a hurry, I always forget something. (c) M1 E M2 M3 sE M1 M2 M3 Are you ready ? Because we must leave now. Yes I am Good Let's go Let’s go OkayThe second functional counterpart of the stu ctural device is a procedure of interpretation assignment. It is not sufficient to have functional values assigned to discourse constituents; required is also to have a procedure governing the assignment of a functional interpretation to each constituent. In other words, the types of structures given in (1), (5) or (6) are syntactic representations of discourse; we need in addition a semantics, which can for instance assign to the hierarchical-functional structures given in (6) the following functional interpretations : SPEECH ACTS AND CONVERSATION 9 (7) a. b.

Developmental Psychology and Life

Understanding Psychology Psychology is everywhere, surrounding our daily lives. It helps us, humans, to overcome difficult challenges and obstacles we come across. I do not know my future, but what I plan on looking forward too is working as an accountant. As I get up to becoming an accountant, using psychological theories will help me, but having a successful career does not necessarily mean a successful life. In my opinion, a successful life consists of the job you are happy to work for and the family you have always wanted.Throughout the course of this psychology class, the theories and concepts I got the most out of was on child development. Learning psychology is well worth anyone’s time if they want the drive and aim toward a specific goal and it will definitely help me in life. The psychological concept of problem-solving will be useful in my future as algorithms will be the most reliant to an accountant. But using heuristics to get done with work more quickly during a bad day is a solution I need to think of too.If I became a well-liked accountant serving many companies and people, it will be difficult for me to get all the work done for every single person. That is why I hope the heuristics I come up with will get the job done quicker. Algorithms are for computers, but we humans learn shortcuts for most things in life. Getting to my goal of becoming an accountant, I want to have the psychological motivation in my mind to achieve the best I can. Motivation is be a huge factor in achieving most obstacles. Having the motivation will help you rise above others that are looking for the job to serve someone.Also, as I am a Type B person right now, the nice, calm, relaxed; however, I should be more of a hardy personality, the one who has a strong commitment to a specific goal in life which will get me to have that motive of being that accountant. It will be easier for me to earn the position of my future career. Everyone has a goal in life and having a hardy personality will help one achieve and pursue further past the goal. Even becoming a type A person will help me achieve my goals sooner; it will end my life more quickly.Psychology has helped me become more motivated in achieving all the goals I have to look forward to and hopefully achieving in the future. Self-esteem is a major role in everyone’s life. Before this psychology class, I did not notice my self-esteem level. I assume that I have a high self-esteem because of all the high hopes and feelings I always think of. Having that high self-esteem is essential in life and I hope that I will continue to have the high self-esteem I have now. I look at myself as if I will become a successful accountant. I continue to say that I can achieve what I want to achieve if I believe I can.This course has helped me understand the self-esteem and what I get out from it. Knowing more about it got me to try harder so that I can look at myself, happy. Sternberg’s Triangular T heory of Love taught me three key components in keeping a relationship strong and healthy. Intimacy, passion, and commitment are what Sternberg’s theory of love consists of. As I grow closer to my significant other, I want to have all three of those elements with her to stick with each other. Working on all three elements is something that I should work on now and throughout the future.It will get me closer to my significant other and will provide a more exciting and committed relationship. As I have learned plenty of information throughout the semester, I have learned more on child development more than anything else in the class. I know that it has helped me become a better parent for the future. I am hoping to have a family of my own someday. It is not a goal that will be easy to accomplish. The theory of cognitive development has been the biggest impact for me because I have learned the stages of Piaget.I think that is important because understanding the stages and where the child is with the stage; it will help me figure out the child’s needs and wants. Knowing this will encourage me to become a better father in the future. The stages will help me know why a child did what. Toddlers will be clueless being talked out of doing something; they will not understand the lectures you present to them. Learning to disciple them a different way will be much more effective and efficient if you understand the different stages of children.The future will provide many great things and having to raise a child the correct way depending on your child will be greatly beneficial as it will not only please you, but the child will grow up happy. Learning about Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory has helped me understand the meaning of true life. What it is intended for and what I have done with my life as of now. I do not remember the time of my early childhood that much, but I know I was taught in a well organized way because you need the early stages strong a nd wide to develop a strong later stage.Teaching my kids using Erikson’s theory will get my children to become strong and well controlled. I want my infant to know that people will be there for her. I want the baby to learn trust instead of mistrust so that she will have a strong base to start off in the right direction of her new life. As she becomes a toddler, I want her to know that she can do things on her own. I do not want to interfere with anything or even look frustrated at her that will make her feel unworthy of doing something which will get her to be shameful and doubtful later on in life. As the toddler grows, I want to encourage her to do things on her own.I want her to take initiative instead of being in guilt all the time. Taking initiative will help her become more of a role model later in life and that is what most caring parents want their child to become. During middle childhood, I want my child to know the industry of our culture and to learn the basic ski lls of our culture. As adolescence hits my child, I want them to understand who she really is and what she is going for. I want her to identify herself and not get mixed up in role confusion. I am in my adolescence as well, and I have figured out where I want to go in life, as I want to become an accountant.I can say I have successfully overcome the role confusion in Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory. Knowing Erikson’s theory has helped me recognize the later life and what it has to offer me. I want to have the intimacy in my life instead of isolation. Having that special person in my life helps me make every effort to become successful in the future. When I finally hit my middle age, I want to realize that my life is getting closer to an end and that I cannot live forever. It will help me for my next stage, which will help me understand that I had a purpose in life. I would not want to die in living in regret.Not only do I want to do the right thing for myself, but also I want my family to take time to understand Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory. It will help each single person become a better person. In addition, learning the foot in the door and door in the face effect will greatly impact what I can get out of life. The foot in the door effect is when you start off with something small and then you add on something small. In the future if I am planning on getting married, I could ask my parents if they are willing to buy something small for the wedding such as, invitation aper. Then as I get them to accept my request, I add on something small again such as, flowers. Then add on more and more; eventually, my parents will be paying a large amount for the wedding. However, the door in the face effect is something different. It is when you ask for something big where they will say no. Then putting out something big again but is easier to do, so that someone will do it because they will feel bad for saying no. This could be useful when I ask for a raise, but I ask for a large amount where I will get denied.Then I ask for something smaller so that I will be able to acquire even a raise. That is why the foot in the door and door in the face effect will be very useful to me in the future where my expenses will be much higher than it is now. In conclusion, psychology has given me the opportunity to help go through life step by step for the aspirations I have. Having aspirations are important in the process of moving forward in life and I know that psychology has helped me move forward. Learning material that will make my future a whole lot better is more fun to learn about than material I may never have to use again.Learning about the different stages in Piaget’s stages as well as Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory will be useful for a child in the future. As well as providing the information of motivation, self-esteem, types of personalities, and problem-solving will help me for my future career. I want to use the knowl edge of psychology to help me achieve the happy life that will be the best for me. Learning about Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love will also help me get the most out of a relationship and be joyful to be with someone I will truly love.

The History Of Dinosaurs Essays - Dinosaur, Saurischia, Triceratops

The History Of Dinosaurs Essays - Dinosaur, Saurischia, Triceratops The History of Dinosaurs The dinosaurs were reptiles that appeared about 230 million years ago. It's believed that they had scaly skin and some ate plants and others ate meat. Scientists don't know whether or not the dinosaurs were cold blooded, but they think the smaller ones were warm blooded, and the large ones were cold-blooded. In this report you'll learn about the earliest dinosaurs, the kinds of dinosaurs, and how the dinosaurs died. There are two main groups of the earliest dinosaurs: Thesaurischian, and the ornithischian First I'll tell you about the Saurischian. The Saurischian were the first main group of dinosaurs. The Saurischian had lizard like hip joints. In this group there is the Theropoda. These weird dinosaurs were meat eaters that walked on their hind legs. Also there was the Sauropoda. The Sauropoda were the plant eating dinosaurs that walked on all four legs. The second main kind of dinosaurs were the Ornithischian, which had bird like hip joints. There is only one group belonging to this group and that is the ornithopoda. The Ornithopoda were plant-eating dinosaurs that walked on two legs. There were also the armored and horned dinosaurs, which were also plant eaters. There were many, many different kinds of dinosaurs. Some of them are the Brachiosaurus, the Stegosaurus, the Triceratops, the Tyrannosaurus, and the Zizhongosaurus. All of the dinosaurs are in one of two major groups. Plant eaters or meat eaters. Some plant eaters are the Saltasaurus, the Kritosaurus, and the Datousaurus. Some Meat eaters are the Chilantaisaurus, the Poekilopleuron, and probably the most terrifying one of all, the Tyrannosaurus. During the Carboniferous Period (360 to 286 million years ago), dense tropical forests were concentrated along the equator. Decaying vegetation, compressed by overlying deposits of sand and mud, was gradually converted into coal. Coal deposits of Illinios, the Appalachians, Britain and Germany were originally formed in a continuous band which was dispersed when the continents drifted apart. The Mesozoic Era lasted from 245 until 65 million years ago. In the sea, marine communities began to assume a modern composition of molluscs and other invertebrates. On land, dinosaurs dominated faunas, and the first flowering plants appeared. At the beginning of the Mesozoic, all of the earth's continents were joined as the supercontinent Pangea. Some dinosaurs can swim and some can fly. The ones that swim have large, flat arms, or flippers, that help them through the water. The ones that fly usually have two legs and huge wings that can have a 30 foot wingspan! There are many theories about how the dinosaurs died. The most populaur one is that the weather became cooler, and the dinosaurs had no feathers or fur to protect them against the changing weather. Others are like a star exploded, but then how could some other speacies have lived. Another one is that an astioriod hit the earth and made the land dark for three, or so , years. So only the animals that could live on nuts or rotten plants could live. They also think that they have the rock. The dinosaurs came to rise in the earlier part of the Triassic period, and ecologically dominated our planet until the late cretaceous. Dinosaurs evolved from reptiles, and birds evolved from the dinosaurs (to clear up an erroneous myth circulating out there, the dinosaurs did not evolve into birds. The birds came from the dinosaurs). Dinosaurs have been divided into two main groups: Saurischians, or "lizard-hipped" dinosaurs, and Ornithchians, or "bird-hipped" dinosaurs Saurischians, in my opinion, are the better of the two groups. They include all dinosaurian predators and the sauropods, or animals such as Apatosaurus and other very large animals. The ornithchians essentially include everyone else; Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus, and all of the other herbivores. The saurischians are divided further into the theropods (animals that walked on two feet), and the sauropods, as mentioned above. Further information about these animals can be found in my two dinosaur databases, below. By now, most people are beginning to believe that dinosaurs were warm-blooded. Others believe that the dinosaurs were cold-blooded, and then there is the "muddy middle", or those who believe that the dinosaurs were some of both. This is known as the endo-ecto question, which asks whether the dinosaurs were endotherms (warm-blooded) or ectotherms