The Bluest Eye Analysis - 985 Words

Pecola Breedlove, an eleven-year-old black girl in Tony Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, combats with self love and self image throughout the entire novel. Her only wish is to be loved and adored, and she believes the only route to that destination is to simply be more â€Å"white†. Throughout her journey in Morrison’s masterpiece, she attempts to transform herself into an idealistic version of herself, but she ultimately discovers that she is physically unable to attain what she had hoped for and is driven to a point of madness and deep misery. In Pecola’s early years, she was exposed to society’s ideas and â€Å"rules† on how to be beautiful and she quickly realized that at the top of this rulebook lay the most important instruction: be as white as†¦show more content†¦Not only is Pecola obsessed with transforming her life, but she is also constantly victimized and humiliated throughout the novel which subconciousy leads to an even stronger desire to change the very essence of who she is, so she can rid herself of her past. Of all the occasions she was victimized, one stands out as the strongest– when Cholly, her own father, rapes her. By the end of the novel, Pecola has completely lost touch with reality. She cannot process or accept the fact that her own father raped her and she becomes convinced that everyone in town is looking at her strangely because she received her wish of blue eyes. She then acquires an imaginary friend and talks to this friend exclusively about her eyes. While it may be easy to toss this off as simple insanity, that unfortunately seems a bit too easy. The true way to look at her new imaginary friend is to see it as the only way she can make sense of her experience. Because not a singe person in her life ever showed her love or adoration, Pecolas young mind does the only thing it can do: it creates an imaginary friend to love her and make her believe that fantasies have been executed. She is essentially insane at this point and has become corroded and taken over by what started as a radical self hatred and turned into pure insanity. Other characters in the novel have their own journeys with self love and adoration, too. Pauline, PecolasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Bluest Eye1555 Words   |  7 Pages The Bluest Eeye Bbackground A woman’s race and the time period she lives in influences not only whether she will be a victim of sexual assault but also, the punishment of the offender. Toni Morrison, The author of The Bluest Eye, a victim of segregation, deals with sexual assault and segregation in her book. Chole Anthony Wofford, who goes by the name of Toni Morrison when writing her books, was born in Lorain, Ohio on February 18, 1931. Her father had several jobs to supportRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis921 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Bluest Eye† â€Å"The Bluest Eye† by Toni Morrison is a very complex story. While not being a novel of great length is very long on complexity. It tells the story of Pecola Breedlove, a young African American girl immersed in poverty and made â€Å"ugly† by the Society of the early 1940’s that defines beauty in terms of blonde haired white skinned , and in this case specifically Shirley Temple. The novel opens in the fall of 1941, just after the Great Depression, in Lorain, Ohio. Nine-year-old ClaudiaRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis778 Words   |  4 PagesThe opinions of others, wether one notices or not, greatly affect his or her life. In Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye, Pecola Breedlove, a young black girl with dark brown eyes, is deemed ugly. Although she does not possess ugliness; she â€Å"put it on, so to speak, although it did not belong to [her]† (Morrison 38). Pecola believes she is ugly because she does not meet the societal beauty standard. Pecola convinces herself that all her struggles are rooted in the fact that she not beautiful. IfRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis812 Words   |  4 Pages Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye follows Pecola Breedlove’s â€Å"journey† to obtain beauty in the form of the titular blue eyes. Not only is it told in Claudia’s perspective, but the readers witnesses several backstories, na mely Geraldine, Pauline, Cholly, and Soaphead Church’s, which is in a third-person perspective. This might be seen as odd at first, but after taking a deeper look into their pasts, there is something that stands out: something â€Å"beautiful† in the eyes of these people. These â€Å"beautiful†Read MoreAnalysis Of The Bluest Eye 818 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Bluest Eye, Pecola the protagonist is taken under the Macteer family’s wing much like â€Å"The African family is community-based and the nurturing quality is not contained within the nuclear family, but is rather the responsibility of the entire community† (Ranstrà ¶m). In traditional Africa each child has a place and is welcome in the community. The act of parenting another child was not odd because every adult that lived in each community believed that any child is welcome in anyone’s home. ThisRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis1148 Words   |  5 Pagesthe novel The Bluest Eye Pe cola is involved in a quest – for love and identity and Morrison depicts the world in the novel from a child’s point of view. The story of the eleven-year-old Pecola, the tragic female protagonist of The Bluest Eye, stemmed out of Morrison’s memory of a girlhood friend who as well craved for ‘blue eyes’. Morrison had written of the little Black girl whom she knew : â€Å"Beauty was not simply something to behold, it was something one could do. The Bluest Eye was my effort toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Bluest Eye 1917 Words   |  8 Pages1. Through the Big Screen and Flashing Lights In the book The Bluest Eye Mrs. Breedlove talks about who was her motivation, who gave her drive to start dressing up nice and refashioning herself. She started using celebrities as role models or a mirror to help her find ways for her to get the same physical attractiveness they have. In the book Mrs. Breedlove mentions that,†I went to see Clark Gable and Jean Harlow. I fixed my hair up like I’d seen hers on a magazine. A part on the side, with oneRead MoreAnalysis of the Bluest Eye Prologue727 Words   |  3 PagesEach section of this prologue gives, in a different way, an overview of the novel as a whole. At a glance, the Dick-and-Jane motif alerts us to the fact that for the most part the story will be told from a child’s perspective. Just as the Dick-and-Jane primer teaches children how to read, this novel will be about the larger story of how children learn to interpret their world. But there is something wrong with the Dick-and-Jane narrative as it is pres ented here. Because the sentences are not spreadRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Bluest Eye 1115 Words   |  5 Pagesbeliefs. However, in The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, the topic of racism is approached in a very unique way. The characters within the novel are subjected to internalizing a set of beliefs that are extremely fragmented. In accepting white standards of beauty, the community compromises their children’s upbringing, their economic means, and social standings. Proving furthermore that the novel has more to do with these factors than actual ethnicity at all. In The Bluest Eye, characters experience aRead MoreThe Bluest Eye Analysis Essay1420 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison strongly ties the contents of her novel to its structure and style through the presentation of chapter titles, dialogue, and the use of changing narrators. These structural assets highlight details and themes of the novel while eliciting strong responses and interpretations from readers. The structure of the novel also allows for creative and powerful presentations of information. Morrison is clever in her style, forcing readers to think deeply about the novel’s heavy

Oncology Cancer Prevention - 977 Words

Due to the medical regimen prescribed for oncology patients, there may be evidence to suggest that oncology patients are at a greater risk of inpatient hospital falls. The majority of patients initially admitted for chemotherapy treatment tend to be rather mobile and active in their home life. However, during and after treatment their physical strength and mobility can be affected. The purpose of this paper is to address the quality improvement issue of oncology patient falls and improving prevention during their hospital admission. Define Phase The majority of patients initially admitted for chemotherapy treatment tend to be rather mobile and active in their home life. However, during and after treatment their physical strength and†¦show more content†¦Strategies to address the increased need for elimination include performing hourly rounding, reminders to call for help and the use of bedside commodes (Capone et al., 2010). Capone et al. (2010) also discussed that oncology patients are more likely to need blood product transfusions, which may increase the incidence of falling. However, the patients in this study did not have alarmingly low blood counts, but they did receive blood products during their admission. Fear of falling and lost capacity associated with chemotherapy is associated with falls. Niederer et al. (2014) cite that strength, particularly in the lower extremities, tends to alter gait and balance. Also, a common side effect of most chemotherapy treatments is neuropathy. Neuropathy can alter sensation in the lower extremities increasing the risk of a fall. Through these physical changes, oncology patients may become more fearful of ambulating, thus limiting their overall mobility (Niederer et al., 2014). Consequently, falls can cause further complications, including the death of an oncology patient. The incidence of falls of the oncology patient related to death tends to increase if the patient has cancer metastasis. In a study done by Toomey and Friedman (2014), there appears to be a strong correlation of death after a fall between the type of cancer and the extent of metastasis. Those that hadShow MoreRelatedAmt Task21478 Words   |  6 Pagescentering on cancer, orthopedic and cardiovascular services. The information was obtained through a multitude of sources including: epidemiological surveys, focus groups, interviews with healthcare professionals and healthcare facilities’ planning guidelines. Risk Factors Oncology Services The needs assessment revealed that 15% of the population will be older than age 65 within the next 5 years. 50% of men and 33% of women are expected to develop cancer during their lifetime. New cases of cancer are expectedRead MoreIntroduction to Oncology Care Program Essay example1220 Words   |  5 PagesAnnual Report of the Oncology Care Program Course Project HIT 225 April 17, 2011 ? Introduction to Oncology Care Program Cancer is a group of diseases that affect nearly every tissue or organ in the human body, and is the second leading cause of death in the United States. In 2007, lung cancer was the leading cause of death among males and females in Marin County, California (Marin Health Human Services, 2007). Located in Marin County, Sunshine Hospital is a 235-bed teaching facilityRead MoreThe Importance Of Related Anxiety966 Words   |  4 PagesNortheastern Hospital Chemotherapy Infusion Center- The Use of Psychoeducational Intervention of Progressive Relaxation to Help in the Prevention and Management of Cancer-related Anxiety Patients diagnosed with cancer experience anxiety for multiple reasons and at different stages of their illness. 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According to the NSM, primary prevention decreases the possibilityRead MoreCIPN Essay1253 Words   |  6 PagesEducational Opportunities for Cancer Patients at Risk for Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Chapter One: Introduction Purpose Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) can be a severe, dose-limiting toxicity caused by the administration of the chemotherapeutics and anti-cancer biologics used to treat an individual’s cancer. The purpose of the paper is to explore the effectiveness of different treatment options for the prevention and treatment of CIPN. Additionally, this paper willRead MoreThe Community Health Needs Assessment Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesassessment (CHNA) over the past year. The assessment targeted oncology, orthopedic and cardiovascular services within TCH’s service region. Information was obtained from multiple sources including epidemiological surveys, state healthcare facilities’ planning guidelines, interviews with physicians and other healthcare professionals, and community focus groups. The following are risk factors identified in each of the three service lines. Oncology Service Line Risk Factors: The CHNA identified that 15%Read MoreBreast and Ovarian Cancer Essay1226 Words   |  5 PagesSpeech Title: Breast and Ovarian Cancer Purpose Statement: This speech has a primary goal of educating the audience and to give a better understanding of what breast cancer is and how it can be treated with detection by a vast variety of methods. It will also give better understanding that not only women but men also are susceptible to breast cancer. Introduction I. Attention: There are a number of researches done about breast and ovarian cancer. Breast cancer is the second largest cause ofRead MoreHow to Prevent Cancer Essay772 Words   |  4 PagesCancer Prevention 1. Introduction There are many people in the world that are afraid of getting sick. People fear in developing fatal sickness in their lifetime. Cancer-the big C—will often top the list. Brody,H.(2011). Cancer Prevetion.Nature,471(7339). Patients that have been diagnosed with cancer and are using treatments such as radiation, chemotherapy and surgery have already had their cancer progressed. In order to avoid such conditions, people need to be pro active and often check themselvesRead MoreBeing An Oncologist : A Very Emotionally Demanding Job1043 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy of oncology is a successful, needed profession that could provide for a lucrative future. Being an oncologist involves doing many things throughout the long work days. Oncology is the study of cancer. This can include development, treatment, and prevention of cancer. Oncology also involves research and clinical care (World Book). Cancer can be dated back to Greek and Roman writings. It can affect any race, gender, or age. 1.66 million people were diagnosed with cancer in 2013. Some cancers areRead MoreGrief and Oncology Nursing1179 Words   |  5 PagesGrief and Oncology Nursing My earliest experiences of observing nursing in action occurred during my last two years of high school. My father was diagnosed with cancer during the spring of my junior year and died right before my senior year. During that short time I watched as the nurses cared for him and I could see compassion and empathy in the way they looked at him. It never occurred to me until after I had raised my children that I wanted to be able to help people in the same way those nurses

Lord of the Flies Symbolism Essay Example For Students

Lord of the Flies Symbolism Essay In the book, Lord of the Flies, the author frequently uses symbolism. Symbolism-n 1: the art or practice of using symbols esp. by investing things with a symbolic meaning or by expressing the invisible or intangible by means of visible or sensuous representations. In other words, discussing or explaining a broader, more general topic by linking it symbolically with a specific event in a literary work. The superb use of symbolism in the book is one of the contributing factors to the profoundness of Lord of the Flies. This book is peppered with examples of symbolism, but the ones that stand out the most are: The breaking of Piggys spectacles, the representation of the littluns and Jack as the people and the government, and Simons conversation with the Lord of the Flies. The breaking of Piggys spectacles meant much more than the mere marring of a pair of glasses. Ralph made a step forward and Jack smacked Piggys head. Piggys glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. One sides broken. This is somewhat of a turning point in the book. The breaking of Piggys spectacles symbolizes a mark at which rational influence decays as the story progresses. To better understand this, you must first know that Piggy himself is symbolized a grown-up figure, with intelligence and common sense. Looking back on the story, one can begin to realize how true this is. After Piggys glasses are broken, the fabric that holds the island society together begins to dissolve and everything goes awry. This discussion is perhaps the single most important part of the story, and may also be the most difficult part to understand. Another subtle, but important symbolization is the representation of the littluns as the people, and Jack as the government. By using this symbolization, the author tries to express what he feels is wrong with modern government. This symbolization is shown in the book by a statement made by Jack. What about the littluns? Sucks to the littluns! Somebody has to look after them Nobody has so far. By this, the author makes reference to the government (Jack), and how government officials disregard its people (littluns). The most deeply symbolic event in the book, is Simons discussion with the pigs head, or the Lord of the Flies. -and his gaze was held by that ancient, inescapable recognition. This statement is crucial to understanding the theme of Lord of the Flies. What the author means, is the inescapable recognition of human capacities for evil. And when the pigs head said, Im part of you?, the author meant to convey that the capacity for evil is in all of us. The genius of the author, William Golding, can be clearly seen by looking at the book, Lord of the Flies, in a more profound way of thinking. To truly understand and enjoy this wonderful story, the reader must look at the deeper meaning of the book, rather than simply reading the book in a superficial way. Because of the authors expert use of symbolism, we can see that the breaking of Piggys glasses, Simons conversation with the Lord of the Flies, and the representation of the littluns and Jack as the people and the government, mean much more than what they appear to be.

Suburbanization and Asian

Table of Contents Introduction Theoretical Arguments Literature Review Data and Method Results Discussion References Introduction The most significant twentieth-century trend is that suburbs became the dominant life style for Americans (Teaford, 2008). Whites experienced overwhelming suburbanization. In 1920, Whites and Blacks lived in suburbs almost equally: about one-third of each group’s residents. However, there was a dramatic increase in suburbanization after WWII.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Suburbanization and Asian-White Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By that time, the Whites suburbanization rate grew by nearly 70%, from a 1940 level of about 38% to a 1970 level of about 63% (U.S. Bureau of Census 1963). The change to suburban dominance in population is reflected in comprehensive statistics on economic activity (Gottdiener and Hutchison, 201 1). In many cases, suburbs have outpaced their core central cities in economic importance since 1970. According to the Bureau of Census, 46 percent of the 1990 population lived in suburbia, 40 percent in central cities, and 14 percent in rural areas. This study will examine the association between the level of Asian suburbanization and the segregation between Whites and Asians in 260 metropolitan areas (U.S. Bureau of Census, 1963). Recently, Asians are the fastest growing minority group. According to the Bureau of Census, Asian population grew from 3.5 million in 1980 to 7.3 million in 1990 and to 8.8 million in 1995 (Palen, 1995). Currently, the Asian population consists of around 4% of the entire population (Bureau of Census). There always has been debate as to whether higher level of minorities’ suburbanization yields lower segregation or higher segregation. Segregation is the distribution of racial and ethnic groups into separate and distinct residential areas of the cit y (Logan, 2011). The general trends in residential dissimilarity across 260 metropolitan areas from whites have declined since 1970. Even though Blacks have experienced the most declines in residential segregation, they remain the most segregated in cities. The largest black population averages remains high. While the Asians remain the least segregated compared to other ethnical groups, the average level of Asian-Whites segregation has not changed much. So the question is why do we care about segregation and why does segregation matter? According to previous social scientists, there are some serious social costs related to residential segregation. This compares to the researches on examining Black-White segregation or Hispanic-white segregation. However, there are not many studies only focusing on Asian-White segregation. Accordingly, a variety of factors affect segregation of Asians but this paper will only focus on the role of suburbanization.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By using the data collected from the 260 major metropolitan areas across United States in 2009, the researcher will test the hypothesis that the level of suburbanization leads to the decline of Asian-White segregation based on spatial assimilation model. Theoretical Arguments The purpose of this research is to investigate the association between the level of Asian suburbanization and the segregation between whites and Asians in metropolitan areas. The hypothesis of this research is based on the spatial assimilation model that physical mobility implies one’s upward social mobility. In other words, once Asians social status moving up, then they can get living closer with whites. Therefore, Asians will have less social, economic, and cultural gaps with whites, which finally lead to the decreasing of Asian-Whites segregation. The researcher will put this hypothesis to the test. Additionally, the reputation of Asians towards Whites plays an important role concerning the point of Asian suburbanization increasing the Asian-Whites integration. To restate my hypothesis: the concentration of Asians in the suburbs of the metropolitan area will help to alleviate the Asian-white segregation in the metropolitan area. My theoretical argument is to explain why suburbanization might lead to contact that is more residential with whites. Moreover, the average incomes of Asians are the highest among other minority groups. According to the contact hypothesis, four conditions are especially important. That is urbanization, poverty levels, geographic location, and governments. Some scholars who adapted the stratification perspective state that there is relatively weak correlation exist between the continuously Asian suburbanization and the level of Asian-white segregation in the unit of metropolitan area. According to Logan and Stults’s (2011) report of the New Findings from the 2010 Census, they found that Asians are considerably less segregated than African Americans, and their segregation levels have remained steady since 1980. In addition, with the growth in Asian population, unique ethnic conglomerations tend to coagulate. Because of this, the groups live more sparsely now than in 2000, a trend that has grown since 1980.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Suburbanization and Asian-White Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite Asian isolation, another important factor is the stereotypes of Asians. Maria Krysan (2002) conducted an open-ended question survey in Los Angeles, and asked whites about their comfort with different levels of integration with Asians and then asked to explain. Krysan (2002) found the major problem with Asians is based the stereotypes: the modal response was that Asians are not friendly, stick to themselves, or are uninterested in integration. The problems with Asian neighborhoods, according to these whites, are â€Å"cultural differences† – particularly expressed as language concerns (Krysan, 2002). Thirdly, the rapid development of suburban Chinatown plays an important role in the controversial issue of continuing Asian-White segregation even in the suburbs. Another study can be looked at is Monterey Park, a suburb outside Los Angeles that became a focal point for new Chinese immigration. In 1960, the population was 85 percent white in contrast to the population in 2000 was 43 percent Asian, 35.5 percent Hispanic, and only 21.6 percent Whites. For a time, the city was known as the â€Å"Chinese Beverly Hills†, and it was later referred to as the first suburban Chinatown. Lastly, other sociologists have suspected that the presence of Asian neighbors provides a protection against white flight, or in the terminology of Farley and Frey (1994), a â€Å"buf fer.† Buffering is shorthand for the argument that the movement of â€Å"more fully assimilated second and third generations of Asians to higher-status, more integrated communities† provides â€Å"a push that should lead to greater integration of blacks. On the other hand, the spatial assimilation model has remained largely controversial issue in the previous studies, which are related to the possibility that Asians might remain segregated from whites even in the suburbs, from four aspects: Asian isolation, the emerging suburb Chinatown, Asian stereotypes, white flight, and multiethnic buffers. According to Logan and Stults’s report of the 2010 Censes new findings, the rapidly growing Asian populations are as segregated today as they were thirty years ago, and their growth is creating more intense ethnic enclaves in many parts of the country (2011).Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This paper will focus on the gateway city (this is the city that facilitates entry into the main city), because most of the new Asian immigrants live in suburban towns within the metropolitan region, not in the central city. In addition, our focus on the special assimilation perspective will help us to understand the importance of moving beyond the city and looking at the metropolitan region more broadly when we study immigration and other demographic trends that affect our communities. (Gottdiener and Hutchison, 2011). Hence, while this paper looks into this aspect, it will also delve into the effect of suburbanization on segregation of minority groups with special regard to Asians. Literature Review Large bodies of past researches show the focal relationship between the concentration of Asians in the suburbs of the metropolitan area and the level of Asian-white segregation in the metropolitan area. According to article â€Å"Trends in the Suburbanization of Racial/Ethnic Groups i n U.S. Metropolitan Areas, 1970 to 2000 (2011:239)†, the authors found that nearly all the variance in 1970 to 2000 growth in White suburbanization (86 percent) is explained by changes in the supply of suburban housing. However, the percentage of variance explained is much lower for the other minority groups. This suggests that the overwhelming cause of changes in White suburbanization over the past three decades was increases in the supply of suburban housing. Another study indicates that Whites have suburbanized faster and more completely than other groups. Hwang and Murdock (1998) concluded that the suburbs possessing seven image indicators: suburb’s smaller population size; lower density; younger housing stock; lower percentage of minority residents; suburb’s old age; higher percentage of traditional family homes and higher percentage of owner-occupied homes did draw more white movers. Massey and Denton’s (1987) cross-sectional analysis of segregation in 1980, reported that in metropolitan areas in which Hispanics or Asians had higher incomes and were more likely to speak English or to be U.S. born, these groups were significantly like to live in suburbs and thereby to experience lower levels of segregation. Moreover, according to Logan et al.’s (2004) finding, they firstly concluded that among Asians, an increasing share of foreign-born persons were associated with greater decreases in segregation. Secondly, if Asian economic standing improves, it will have a great potential to further residential assimilation with whites. Therefore, according to the assimilation model, scholars suggest that discrimination does not fundamentally drive the segregation between Asians and Whites, but the social status and culture differences seems more likely driving the segregation between Asians and Whites. Based on the 2005-2009 American Community Survey (ACS) Logan (2011) found White incomes averaged over $60,000, which is about $25,000 more than blacks and $20,000 more than Hispanics. However, Asian incomes averaged just over $70,000. Thus, if we use the spatial assimilation model, which the economic status increases, it will finally lead to residential assimilation with whites. Obviously, the dramatic increasing suburbanization rates of Whites, Asian prestige (based on statistics) and theoretical expectation based spatial assimilation will create the connection between the two testing variables that the increasing rates of suburbanization will finally lead to the decreasing level of Asian-Whites segregation. Compared to other minority groups, Asians are the least segregated group with whites. Just like Krysan (2002) found, it seems more likely the biggest problem of segregation between Asians and Whites is not about discrimination, but cultural differences . Thus, I assume that Whites hold positive attitudes toward Asian’s reputation, and this finally leads back to the model of assimilation – once w e fill the culture gap, this will eventually leads to Asian-Whites integration. The perspective of reputation of a minority group is critical. As long as the reputation stays stable, then if the social status increases and the cultural differences decreases, finally the spatial distance will relatively decreases. In addition, the spatial assimilation model denotes this meaning too. Data and Method In this section, the researcher fast forwards to 2009 using the most recent population census data in 2010. This study tests the relationship between the level of suburbanization in the metropolitan area and the level of Asian-White segregation across 276 metropolitan areas in 2009. In analyzing this focal relationship, I am testing the hypothesis that the higher suburban concentration the lower Asian-White segregation. In other words, there is a negative relationship between suburbanization and Asian-white segregation. The total number sample of metropolitan areas is 276. First, in order to generate a new variable that indicates the percentage of the population living in the suburbs in each of the metropolitan areas, I used the variable of suburban population in 2009 divided by the total population in 2009, then converted into percentage measurement. However, in order to keep the consistency in the sources of data, the number of metropolitan areas changed from 276 to 260. My analysis only includes one measure of a metropolitan-area characteristic, which is the percentage of suburbanization rate in 2009. In terms of the dependent variable, I use an â€Å"Index of Dissimilarity† to measure the level of Asian-White segregation; it indicates how evenly the members of Asians and Whites are distributed among the 260 metropolitan areas across the nation. The â€Å"Index of Dissimilarity† refers to the percentage of Asians who would have to move in for all neighborhoods to reflect a certain percentage of Asian composition of the entire city (say 46.31 percent) . There are five dimensions define geographic traits that social scientists think of when they consider segregation (Gottdiener and Hutchison 2011:213). They are Unevenness, Isolation, Clustered, Concentrated, and Centralized. The percentage of a metropolitan-area population residing in the suburban ring of the metropolitan area is taken from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s State of the Cities Data System (2009). The researcher will use correlation analysis to test whether there is a negative association between the level of suburbanization and the level of Asian-white segregation in the metropolitan areas in 2009. The bivariate regression utilizes the relationship between the independent and dependent variables to predict the score of the dependent variable from the independent variable. In other words, after testing the hypothesis by using bivariate regression model, we will be able to predict the level of Asian-white segregation from the level of sub urbanization. However, in this study, we are more focusing on the association or relationship between these two variables than prediction. The most common is a Pearson correlation coefficient (r), which is the correlation between two interval variables, and it ranges from -1.00 to +1.00. If -0.3r0.3, then we consider it as weak relationship; if -0.74-0.3 or 0.3r0.7, then it is considered as moderate relationship; if -1.00r-0.7 or 0.7r1.0, then we interpret it as strong relationship. Results Results from model predicting the level of suburbanization has very weak positive association on Asian-White segregation in 2009 in 260 metropolitan areas across the United States. This is completely opposite to the hypothesis. The correlation coefficient arrived at from the regression model is 0.0121. This indicates a weak but positive relationship between the variables. Therefore, the level of suburbanization almost has no effect on the level of Asian-white segregation in 2009 across 260 metrop olitan areas (n=260). Obviously, the result does not support my hypothesis that there is a negative association between the level of suburbanization and the level of Asian-white segregation. This shows that other factors are also at play in affecting the segregation of Asians. This may include poverty levels, demographic shapes, levels of immigration, social status, and state and federal policies. While suburbanization plays a role in segregation, the factors appear more pronounced as they form a larger chunk of the explanatory model (Timberlake et al. 2011). Moreover, the bar graph interprets the level of Asian-white segregation are all under 50, which means modest segregation. An interesting finding in the bar graph shows that the modest level of suburbanization actually has higher Asian-whites segregation than the lowest and highest level of suburbanization. The result implies that segregation tends to categorize things into certain groups that look alike. This actually supports my counter theoretical argument that Asians might remain segregated from whites even in the suburbs. For example, while Chinese are of Asian descent, suburban Chinatowns seem to be resided by Chinese only. This is despite the fact that there may be black population residing alone and whites alone in the same locality. Discussion The United States has traditionally been referred to as a â€Å"melting pot†. Her history began with waves of immigrants; bring their own cultures, traditions and all hoping to find freedom, new opportunities, and a better way of life. The racial segregation has a long history in the United States: from the Black Codes to Chinese Exclusion Act to Japanese American internment to Jim Crow Laws to Redlining to Separate but Equal to White flight. As we can see, the state of segregation has been changed from legally enforced separation to more voluntary or involuntary separation. The result shows that the increasing suburbanization does not have big effec ts on Asian-white segregation. However, it has a slight influence on bringing up the segregation of Asian and Whites. Therefore, the question as to whether suburbanization created more opportunities for living the â€Å"American Dream,† lingers. On the other hand, it is prudent to ask whether suburbanization led to the homogenization of American culture, which produces more segregation and isolation. As I already argued at the beginning, too many unmeasured variables affect segregation of Asians. For this study particularly, I only focus on the role of suburbanization (Lu, 2001). The results explain my hypothesis that suburbanization might not be the only factor that cause the Asian segregation. Therefore, in spite of suburbanization, what are the other factors affect segregation of Asians? According to Park and Iceland’s (2011) findings of residential segregation from 1990 to 2000, Asian segregation levels are consistently lower in new destinations. Moreover, the nati ve-born are less segregated than the foreign born, which is consistent with immigrant spatial incorporation. Finally, socioeconomic indicators are generally consistent with predictions of spatial assimilation. This study posits several academic and procedural limitations. First, lack of independent variables causes spuriousness. Secondly, there lacks available data to support Asian segregation. Thirdly, this study only observes one year (2009), which is too short for studying segregation. 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III pt. 1D: Selected area reports, standard metropolitan statistical areas. Web. This research paper on Suburbanization and Asian-White Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas was written and submitted by user Mckenz1e to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.